以下係之前關於ERP個post嘅重點:
What is ERP? (電子道路收費系統)
A traffic management tool to tackle localised road traffic congestion
Based on the "user pays" principle (用者自付原則), charges are levied on vehicles using the roads in the charging areas during designated periods
Aims:
Rationalise traffic flow in targeted areas where severe traffic congestion occurs almost daily
Benefits:
Reduced vehicular traffic, particularly during congested periods (peak hours)
Reduced travel times
Increased public transport use and higher car and taxi occupancy
Reduced vehicle emissions and reduced exposure to traffic noise inside the charging zone
[Econ題目, 適用於19DSE新增嘅 DRQ] How does ERP improve efficiency?
Drivers has only considered their private costs and benefits when making their decisions
Given the number of vehicles, the MSC (marginal social cost) ＞ MSB (marginal social benefit) --> net loss is resulted from traffic congestion
After the implementation of ETC, charges are levied on vehicles using the roads in the charging areas during designated periods --> increase the MPC (marginal private costs of drivers) --> the number of vehicles may decrease, moving towards the efficient output level/ socially optimal level
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